2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day8

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。 

印度经济增长的骗局(2)

If India's statistics are overstated, who or what is to blame?Political meddling is an inadequate answer, although this government, under Narendra Modi, has done plenty to arouse suspicion.In November statisticians revised down growth figures from last decade, taking the shine off the previous government's record.In January they revised up growth in 2016-18, the two fiscal years most affected by Mr Modi'sdaft and disruptive decision to remove high denomination bank notes from circulation. Both exercises raised eyebrows.But Mr Subramanian sidesteps these two recent controversies, excluding the latest revisions from his analysis.Instead he concentrates his fire on a more fundamental technical change:a new method of calculating GDP, from 2011-12 onwards, that was adopted in early 2015.

译文

如果印度的统计数据被夸大，那么哪些人或物应受到责怪呢？仅责怪政治干预是不够的，虽然在纳伦德拉·莫迪领导下的政府已经做了很多引起怀疑的事情。在11月，统计学家对过去十年的增长数据进行了下调，使上届政府的政绩黯然失色。在1月，他们上调了2016-18年的经济增长，这两个财年受到了莫迪愚蠢行为以及取消流通高面额纸币的破坏性决定的极大影响。两项行动均引人侧目。但萨勃拉曼尼亚先生回避了这两个近期的争议问题，将最新的修订排除了他的报告。相反，他把精力集中在一个更根本的技术变革上：2015年初采用了一种计算GDP的新方法，从2011年至2012年开始。

Much of the preparation for this switch dated back to the previous government.And one of the new method's strangest results was an upward revision of growth in the tumultuous year before Mr Modi took office,when the economy was reeling from high inflation and capital outflows. That contradicts the charge of political interference.Why would Mr Modi's government fiddle the figures to flatter its hated predecessor?

译文

这一转变的大部分准备工作可以追溯到上届政府。而新方法最奇怪的结果之一是对莫迪上任前动荡年份的经济增长进行了上调，当时经济正受到高通胀和资本外流的冲击。这与政治干预的指控相矛盾。莫迪政府为何要篡改数据，以讨好其令人憎恨的前任呢？

The new method may nonetheless suffer from other shortcomings.It may, for example, have failed to cope with the drop in oil prices in 2014.To illustrate: if an Indian company imports 10,000 rupees-worth of crude oil and adds 100 rupees of value to it,it might sell the refined product for 10,100 rupees.If the oil price subsequently halves, the company might try selling the same product for 5,110 rupees, boosting its margin.

译文

尽管如此，新方法可能还存在其他缺点。例如，它可能无法应对2014年的油价下跌。举例来说：如果一家印度公司进口价值一万卢比的原油并增加100卢比的价值，它可能会以10100卢比的价格出售这种精制产品。如果油价随后下跌一半，该公司可能会试着以5110卢比的价格出售同样的产品，以提高利润率。

An unwary statistician might conclude that Indian prices have dropped dramatically.But the Indian part of the total (the only bit that matters for GDP) has increased in price (from100 to 110 rupees).The confused statistician may then treat an increase in rupee profits as evidence of real growth, not merely higher prices.Such problems are less likely in more developed G20 countries, which keep better track of the prices of inputs.

译文

一个不太谨慎的统计学家可能会得出结论，印度的物价已大幅下跌。但是其中印度的那一部分（GDP中唯一重要的部分）价格上涨了（从100卢比涨到了110卢比）。然后困惑的统计学家可能会将卢比利润的增长视为实际增长的证据，而不仅仅是价格上涨。在更发达的20国集团（G20），此类问题不太可能发生，因为这些国家对投入价格的跟踪能力更强。

注释

1.meddling 干预

Such meddling is common in areas such as energy and the internet.

这种干预在能源和互联网等领域十分普遍。

2.take the shine off 使...黯然失色

Any one of our workmen could take the shine off the new foreman.

我们工人中的任何人都能超过那个新来的领班。

3.tumultuous 骚乱的

It's been a tumultuous day at the international trade negotiations in Brussels.

那是布鲁塞尔国际贸易谈判中纷乱的一天。

4.dramatically 急剧地；显著地

A fifth year of drought is expected to have dramatic effects on the California economy.

第五年遭受旱灾预计会对加利福尼亚的经济产生巨大的影响。

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