2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day14

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。 

政府秘密贷款(1)

How to stop governments borrowing behind their people's backs?In 2016 the government of Mozambique confessed to secret debts of $1.4bn, or 11% of GDP,mostly as loan guarantees for state backed companies.Growth faltered, the currency slumped and foreign donors pulled back.The results have been "devastating", says Denise Namburete, a civil society activist,describing health centres that have gone two years without medicines.

译文

如何阻止政府背着人民借贷?2016年，莫桑比克政府承认了14亿美元的秘密债务，占GDP的11%，大部分是为国有企业提供贷款担保。经济增长步履蹒跚，货币暴跌，外国捐助者纷纷撤资。公民社会活动家Denise Namburete在描述已经两年没有药品的医疗中心时称结果是“灾难性的”。

American prosecutors are pursuing eight people involved in the scandal,including three foreign bankers and a former finance minister, on charges of moneylaundering and fraud.The Mozambique case may be unusual—or not.Even the IMF is scratching its head about how much governments truly owe.In some places the mystery is loans from China and other emerging lenders.In others it is advance payments from oil traders, liabilities from public-private partnerships or hidden loans from commercial banks.

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美国检察官正在追捕八名涉案人员包括三位国外银行家以及一位前财政部长，指控他们洗钱以及诈骗。莫桑比克的情况可能不同寻常，也可能很普通。就连国际货币基金（IMF）也不知道政府到底欠了多少钱。在一些地方，这种神秘来自于中国和其他新兴国家的贷款。在其他地方，是来自于石油交易商的预付款、来自公私伙伴的债务或是来自商业银行的隐性贷款。

The Institute of International Finance (IIF), a group of banks and financial institutions,has responded to mounting concern by drafting principles on debt transparency.Finance ministers of G20 countries endorsed them at a summit in Fukuoka, in Japan, on June8th-9th.The IIF principles are voluntary and would apply only to lending from the private sector, not from states.

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一个由银行和金融机构组成的团体—国际金融协会（IIF）针对日益加剧的担忧，起草了有关债务透明度的原则。在6月8日到9日，G20国的财政部长在日本福冈举行的峰会上通过了该草案。IIF的原则是自愿的，只适用于私营部门的贷款，不适用于国家贷款。

Lenders would disclose any loans they make to low-income governments or state firms within60-120 days of funds being released.Details would include the loan's purpose and structure, and a range within which the interestrate falls.The data would be held by an international institution, perhaps the IMF or World Bank.

译文

贷款机构将在资金发放后60至120天内披露它们向低收入政府或国有企业发放的任何贷款。其细节将包括贷款的用途及结构，以及利率下降的幅度。数据将由一家国际机构持有，可能是IMF或世界银行。

注释

1.confess 坦白；承认

He had confessed to seventeen murders.

他供认了17起谋杀案。

2.devastating 毁灭性的

The city of Ormac took the full force of the winds and devastating floods.

奥马克城受到了狂风和灾难性洪水的猛烈袭击。

3.on charges of指控

They are awaiting trial on charges of plotting against the state.

他们因被指控阴谋叛乱而在候审。

4.release 发布

They're not releasing any more details yet...

他们还未公布更多细节。

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