2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day44

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人：树桩如何无限期存活(1)

A living stump sounds like something out of a horror movie.In fact, it is not unusual for a tree, deprived of its trunk and foliage by lightning, disease or a lumberjack,but still possessed of roots and an above-ground stump, to continue a zombie-like existence for years—even decades.Such arboreal undead have been recognised since 1833.But surprisingly, until now, no living stump has been subjected to detailed scientific scrutiny.

译文

一个活着的树桩，听起来像是恐怖电影才会有的东西。事实上，这对一棵被闪电、疾病或伐木工人夺去树干和树叶的树来说并不稀奇，这些树仍有树根和在地面上的残余，它们可以像僵尸一样存活数年，甚至数十年。这种树栖不死生物自1833年就被发现了。但令人惊讶的是，直到现在都没有对这种活着的树桩的详细科学检查。

The scrutinised stump, pictured above, is the remains of a Kauri tree in Waitakere Ranges Regional Park, New Zealand.It and two neighbouring, intact, Kauris were investigated by Martin Bader and SebastianLeuzinger of Auckland University of Technology,who have just published their results in iScience.Dr Bader and Dr Leuzinger started with the suspicion that living stumps are sustained through their roots by nearby, intact trees of the same species.Above ground, trees look like distinct entities, but below the surface things get more complicated.More than 150 tree species, Kauris among them, are known to have roots that sometimes fuse with those of other members of the same species.Such subterranean junctions permit exchange between individual trees of food, water, minerals and even micro-organisms,to create what some regard as a super organism.

译文

上图中经过仔细检查的树桩是新西兰怀特克雷山脉地区公园里一棵贝壳杉的残余部分。奥克兰理工大学的Martin Bader和Sebastian Leuzinger研究了这颗树桩以及周围两棵完整的贝壳杉，他们刚在《iScience》发表了他们的研究结果。Bader和Leuzinger博士开始怀疑活着的树桩是靠着附近同种完整树木的树根支撑着的。在地面上，树木看起来像像是不同的实体，但在地面下，事情变得更加复杂。包括贝壳杉在内的150多种树木，它们的树根有时会和同一物种中其他成员的树根交缠。这种地下的连接允许食物、水、矿物质甚至微生物在树木之间进行交换以创造出一些人认为是超个体的东西。

The question the researchers asked was: if a tree in such a network were reduced to a stump,would that remnant quickly be cut loose as useless and left to fend for itself?Their study, carried out over the course of nine days, proved that the stump under scrutiny was still a participating member of the local super organism.Sensors fitted to the two intact trees and the stump showed that the stump's flow of sap and water ran inversely to that of the trees.On sunny days, when the intact trees were photosynthesising extensively and drawing a great deal of water up their trunks,there was almost no water movement in the stump. At night, when the trees were no longer transpiring in this way,water flooded into the stump and sap flow reached a maximum, indicating that it was receivinga burst of resources.

译文

研究人员提出的问题是：如果这一网络中的一棵树被砍成树桩，剩余的部分会很快被认为是一种无用的东西被抛弃或让其自生自灭吗？他们的研究进行了9天，研究证明经过仔细检查的树桩仍然是本地超个体中一位参与成员。安装在两棵完整的树和树桩上的传感器显示，树桩液流和水的流量与树木的流量成反比。在阳光明媚的日子里，完整的树木会进行广泛的光合作用，把大量的水分吸到树干上而树桩里几乎没有水的流动。在夜晚，当树木不再以这种方式蒸发水分时，流入树桩的水和液流达到最大值，表明它接收到了大量的资源。

注释

1.deprive of 剥夺；失去

They are deprived of the ability to exercise the most rudimentary workers 'rights.

他们被剥夺了行使最基本的工人权利的资格。

2.possess of 拥有

He was possessed of great self-confidence.

他有很强的自信心。

3.fend for 照料；抚养

She had to fend for herself from the age of thirteen.

她从13岁起就得独立生活。

4.reach a maximum 达到顶点

Temperature will reach a maximum of40 ℃ here.

这儿的最高气温将达40摄氏度。

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