2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day86

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

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气候变化的不确定性(1)

The world's climate scientists are charged with a difficult task:to create a crystal ball with which to skry a future that promises to be hotter than today.But exactly how much hotter depends on innumerable factors, both natural and human.Creating the crystal ball is thus a two-stage process. First, you have to build a simulacrum of how Earth's climate works.Then, you try to perturb this simulacrum with plausible future human actions, to see what picture appears.Modern magic being what it is, the crystal balls are actually supercomputers running programs with 1m or more lines of code.

译文

世界气候科学家肩负着一项艰巨的任务：创造一个水晶球，用它来预示一个比现在更热的未来。但到底有多热，这取决于无数的因素，有自然也有人类因素。因此，创建水晶球是一个两阶段的过程。首先，你需要建立一个地球气候运行的模拟模型。然后，你要尝试用未来可能的人类行为扰乱这个拟像，看看会出现什么情况。现代魔法就是这样，水晶球其实是超级计算机，运营着拥有百万或更多代码的程序。

These programs are models that divide the planet's atmosphere, ocean and land surface into grids of cells—many millions of them.Land cells are flat. Atmosphere and ocean cells are three-dimensional and are stacked in columns to account for the effects of altitude and depth.A model calculates what is going on, physically and chemically, inside each cell,and how this will affect that cell's neighbours, both sideways and, if appropriate, above and below.Then it does it again. And again. And again. That is a complicated process.

译文

这些程序就是模型，将地球的大气、海洋和陆地分成网格细胞—有数百万个。陆地细胞是平的。大气和海洋细胞时三维的并被堆叠在列中，以解释高度和深度的影响。这是一个计算每个细胞中物理和化学变化的模型一个全方位计算这将如何影响这个细胞邻居的模型。然后再重复一遍。重复再重复，这是一个复杂的过程。一个模型的代码必须代表一切，从热力学定律到空气分子相互作用的复杂性。运行这个模型意味着每秒要执行千万亿次数学运算——因此需要超级计算机。用它来进行预测意味着要执行数千次每次运行的输入略有不同，这样才能了解哪些结果有可能哪些不太可能，但有希望以及哪些在极端情况下是不可信的。

Even so, such models are crude. Millions of grid cells might sound a lot,but it means that an individual cell's area, seen from above, is about 10,000 square kilometres,while an air or ocean cell may have a volume of as much as 100,000 cubic kilometers.Treating these enormous areas and volumes as points misses much detail.Clouds, for instance, present a particular challenge to modellers.Depending on how they form and where, they can either warm or cool the climate.But a cloud is far smaller than even the smallest grid-cells, so its individual effect cannot be captured.The same is true of regional effects caused by things like topographic features or islands.

译文

即便如此，这样的模型也很粗糙。数以百万计的网格单元可能听起来很多，但这意味着从上面看，单个细胞领域约有一万平方公里，而一个空气或海洋细胞的体积可能高达10万立方千米。把这些巨大的区域和体量当作点来处理会忽略很多细节。例如，云层是分析员面临的一个特殊挑战。根据它们的形成方式和地点，它们可以使气候变暖或变冷。但是云甚至比最小的网格单元都要小得多，因此它的个体效应无法被捕捉到。地形特征或岛屿等因素造成的区域效应也是如此。

注释

1.innumerable 无数的

He has invented innumerable excuses, told endless lies.

他编造了数不清的借口和谎话。

2.perturb扰乱

Her sudden appearance did not seem to perturb him in the least.

她的突然出现似乎一点也没有令他不安。

3.interact with 与...相互作用

Atoms within the fluid interact with the minerals that form the grains.

液体中的原子与形成颗粒的矿物质相互作用。

4.capture 捕捉

Allied troops captured over 300 enemy soldiers.

盟军俘虏了300多名敌方士兵。

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